Peters



4 Sheets'-Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

M. E. WINTER & 0. w. ORARY.

ADDING MACHINE.

Patnted May 23, 1882.

WITNESSES N. PEIERS. Phuwmm m, Washmglan. n.c

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 2.

M. E. WINTER & G. W. ORARY.

ADDING MACHINE. 4

No. 258,518. Patented May 23,1882.

Fig.2.

(No Model.)

4 Sheets-Sheet 3. M. E. WINTER & C W. ORARY.

ADDING MACHINE.

No. 258,518. Patented May 23, 1882.,

WITNESSES (No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 4. M. 1E WINTER G, W. GRARY.

ADDING MACHINE.

Patented May 23, 188.2.

m7 (5 iifxifiw Attorney.

WITNESSES Nv PETERS. Pmlmumo u vm. wnslmn zw'n. C.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

MARY E. WINTER, ()F GALESBUBG, AND CUSHMAN W. CRARY, OF CHICAGO,

I ILLINOIS; SAID CRAItY ASSIGNOR TO SAID WINTER.

ADDING-MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 258,518, dated May 23,1882.

Application filed Januar 25, 1882.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, MARY E. WINTER and CUsHMAN W. CRARY, citizens ofthe United States, residing at Galesburg, Illinois, and

Chicago, Illinois, respectively, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Adding-Machines, of which the following is aspecification, reference being had therein to the accompanyin gdrawings.

[0 Our invention relates to improvements in adding-machines; and itconsists in constructions and combinations hereinafter described,

, and'set forth in the claims hereto annexed.

In the accompanying drawings, which illustrate ourinvention, and inwhich the same reference-letter indicates the same part in thediflerent-figures, Figure l is a top plan of our machine. Fig. 2 isa topplan in which the upper part of the case and the dial-plate are removedto show the working parts below them. Fig.3 is a top plan of thedial-plate. Fig. A is a sectional elevation in the line arm in Fig. 2.Fig. 5 is a sectional'elevation in the line 9 y in Fig. 2. Fig. 6 is aside elevation of one of the 2 5 operating-keys. Fig. 7 is an enlargedtop plan of a. segment of the ratchet-wheel and one of the arms andpawls which act upon the'upper circle of ratchet-teeth thereon. Fig. Sisan enlarged top plan of a segment of the ratchet- 0 wheel and one of thearms and pawls which act upon its lower circle of ratchet-teeth.

Fig. 9 is aside elevation of the parts shown at Fig. 8., Fig. 10 is aside elevation of asegment of the ratchet-wheel.

Referring to the drawings by letters, letter Arepresentsa case in whichthe workiugparts are located, except the keys 1 to 10, the ends of whichare exterior to the case A, so that they maybe struck or presseddownward by the tin- 4o ger of the operator.

B is a ratchet-wheel with an upper series of ratchet-teeth, I), and alower series, I), in its periphery, and provided with a central shaft,B, which is extended upward, as shown at Fig.

4 5 4, for purposes hereinafter described. The

be rotatedtherewith, and has hearings in an upper plate, B, and lowerplate, 13.

x C is a dial-plate fixed to the upper end of the shaft B, so as to berotated coincident with or pivoted at its other end to the arm '7. shaftB is fixed to the ratchet-wheel, so as to (No model.)

the ratchet-wheel B. The dial-plate C is numbered in an annular seriesnear its outer edge from 1 to 300, and in another series, concentrio tothe first series, from 301 to 600, or three hundred numbersin eachseries,which is the same number of ratchet-teeth in the upper set andalso in the lower set in the periphery of the ratchet-wheel B. The topof the case A has a slot, A, through which a single number in bothseries of figures on the dial-plate may be seen. There are tenactuatingkeys, (designated in the drawings by the reference-letter a,and numbered or marked in the machine by the figures 1 to 10,respectively.) The keys areT-shaped,a's 6 shown atFig. 6, and are hingedor pivoted at one end of their heads to standards a, the other ends oftheirheads being connected respectively with the arms and pawls whichimpel the ratchet-wheel, as hereinafter described. The outer ends of thekeys are provided with heads a, numbered as shown in the drawings, andare also provided with downwardly-projecting lugs a, which strike thebottom of the case A, if the keys are depressed too much, and

thus prevent injury to other parts.

There are two sets of pawl-carrying arms for actuating theratchet-wheel, one set adapted to act 011 the upper series of teeth onsaid wheel and the other set on the lower series of teeth. The generalconstruction and operation of the upper series of pawl-carrying arms isshown at Fig. 7, which is a top plan of the key 7 and the arm 7,connected therewith. The arm 7 is hinged at its outer end on a verticalshaft, d, and its inner end, which is near the ratchet-wheel, issupported on an areshaped plate, (1.

D is a bent pawl, formed, as plainly shown in the drawings, and hingedor pivoted at d. o to the distal end of the arm 7. The rear end of thepawl D is slotted, and receives a stud,

e, which projects upwardly from the free end of a pawl-tripperarm, E,which arm E is hinged F is a spiral spring, secured at one end to thearm 7 and at its other end to a stud or projection, e, from the case A,and is adapted to retract or draw the arm 7 backwardly. I,

F is a spiral spring, somewhat lighter and ice 'the arm E.

G is a rod, connected at one end with the arm E and at its other endwith the upper end of the head of the T-shaped key 7 in such manner thatwhen the head a of said key is depressed, as shown by dotted lines atFig. 6, the rod G will first act upon the arm E, and drawing it forward,as shown by dotted lines at Fig. 7, will bring the pawl D into contactwith a tooth in the upper series of ratchet-teeth in the Wheel B, whenthe rod G will then act on the arm 7, and drawing it forward will thusgive an impulse or forward movement to the ratchet-wheel B anddial-plate G in the direction of the full-line arrow at Fig. 2. A stop,g, limits the forward movement of the pawl D and arm 7, and a stop, g,limits their rearward movement, and the distance between these stops ismade such that each throw of the army 7 forward will move theratchet-tooth engaged.

the distance of seven teeth, the number corresponding to the number "(onthe head a,

and thus move the dial-plate so as to bring a springs, and the stops inconnection with the keys 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 are designated by the sameletters as designate the corresponding parts in connection with the key7. Thestop's g and g,in connection with the ditferentkeys,

named, are arranged at ditferent distances apart, so that the depressionof the key 1 will,

move the dial-plate one number,the depression of key 2 will move it twonumbers, thedepression ofkey 3 will moveit three numbers, and 4 and 5will move it four and live numbers,respectively; or in other words, themovement of each key will rotate the dial-plate so as to bring a numberbeneath the opening equal to the number last exposed, plus the number onThe pawls connected-with.

the key operated. the keys 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 7, all operate on theupper series of ratchet-teeth ot' the ratchet wheel B, and are drawninto contact with the ratchetteeth by the action of their respectivetripper-arms E, as hereinbet'ore described. After the pawl acts upon theratchet-wheel and the key is released from pressure by the op-. erator,the spring F will first retract the arm. E, and thereby draw the pawl Dout of-en gagement with the ratchet-teeth, and the spring F will thendraw the arm to which it is connected rearwardly, and thus draw thepawlcarrying arm and the pawl back to their normal positions, as shownby full lines in the drawings, and thus prevent the pawl dragging overand wearing the ratchet-teeth, and also same numberas marked on the key.

more certainly insuring its engagement with the proper ratchet-tooth.

The operation of the keys 6, 8, 9, and 10 on the lower series of teethon the ratchet-wheel, are substantially shown by the top plan of the key9 at Fig. 8 of the drawings, where 9 represents an arm, hinged orpivoted at one end to a vertical shaft, h, and connected by arod, h,with the key 9, so that when the key is depressed the rod h will drawthe arm 9 forward. A spring, h, will retract the arm 9 when the key 9 isreleased from pressure.

I is an arm, which is hinged or pivoted beneath the central part of theratchet-wheelB, and, extending outwardly to near theperiphery of saidwheel, has a bent pawl, t, pivoted at its bend to its outer end. One endof the pawl "i is slotted, and receives a stud-pin carried on the distalend of the arm 9, and the other end is adapted to engage with theratchetteeth in the lower series on the wheel B.

J is a spring adapted to draw back or retract-the arm I. The throw ofthe arms I9 are limited by stopsjj. When the key 9 is depressed the arm9 will first be drawn forward, and acting on the pawl i will draw itinto engagement with a ratchet-tooth on the wheel B, and then willdrawboth the arms 9 andl forward and move the ratchet-wheel anddial-plate so as to bring a number on the dialplatc beneath the openingin the case equal to the last number shown, plus the number 9, or Whenthe key is released the spring will retract the arm 9, so as to releasethe pawl i from the ratchet-tooth and prevent it sliding over said teethas the arms 9'1 are drawn back by their respective springs to theirnormal position. The keys 6, 8, and 10 are connected with the arms andpawls for operating the ratchet-wheel substantially same as the key 9,and the arms, springs, connecting-rods, and pawls, are letteredsame asthe corresponding parts are respectively'marked by reference-letters inFig. 8, and in connection with the key 9. Thestops are arranged inconnection with the keys 6,8, and 10 so that the movement of each keymovesthe dial-plate to bring a number beneath the 'openingin the case,an amount greater than the last number exposed equal to the number onthe respective key moved.

K is a detent-pawh held into engagement with the ratchet-wheel B by aspring, k, and has a projecting arm,

L is a litter the outer end of which extends outward through the case A,and has a thumbplate or head, L, on its outer end, and the inner end ofwhich rests against the arm 70, so that by pressing the rod b inwardlyit will act on the rod k and disengage the detent Kfrom theratchet-wheel, as shown by dotted lines at Fig. 2. A spring, I, retractsor forces the rod L outward when the pressure is removed from said rodL. The detent K servesto prevent the momentum of the ratchet-wheelcarrying it too i'ar,a-nd more particularly to prevent any backwardmovement of said ratchet -wheel arising from the backward movement ofthe aetuating-pawls while in contact therewith.

M is a detent, bent as shown at Fig. 4, and hinged at its bent portionto the plate B. One end of the detentMextends down through a slot in theplate B to a short distance from the arms of the wheel B, and is beveledoff on one side at its lower end, as shown at Fig. 5. A spring, m,forces the outer end of the detent M outward and its inner end down tonear the arms of the wheel B.

N is a sliding rod, with its outer end exterior to the case A and itsinner end in close proximityto the outer end of the detent M, so that itmay be pressed inwardly against the outer end of the detent, and therebyraise its inner end above a stop or lug, N, which projects upwardly fromone arm of the wheel B. One side, a, of the stop N is sloping, and willcome in contact with the sloping side of the detent M when the wheel Bis rotated in the direction shown by the full-line arrow, and therebyraise the detent M, and permit the wheel to rotate in said direction.The other side, a, of the stop N is vertical, and, coming in contactwith the vertical side of the detent M, when the wheel B is rotated inthe direction shown .by the dotted-line arrow, will arrest the rotarymotion of said wheel with the number 300 on the dialplate exposed at theopening A in the case A.

P is a spring coiled round the shaft B, to

' which shaft one end of the spring is secured,

its other end being secured to a standard, 19, on the plate B. Thespring P is coiled so that the coil will be tightened as the wheel B isrotated in the direction shown by the fullline arrow, and will rotatethe wheel B in the reverse direction when the detent K is disengagedwith said wheel.

As illustrating the operation further than already herein described,suppose the number 300 to be exposed at the slot A, and the number 5 tobe the first number in a column to be added; by striking the key 5 thedial will be rotated to bring the figure 5 thereon exposed at theopening A. Then suppose the number 6 to be the next number in the columnto be added; by striking the key 6 the dial will be moved to expose thenumber 11 at the opening A, which number 11 represents the sum of 6added to 5; and thus the addition may be continued on the outer seriesof figures on the dial until the number 300 is reached, when theaddition may be continued on the inner series until the number 600 isreached. \Vhenever a column of numbers are added, and it is desired tocommence a new column, the detent-pawl K may be disengaged from theratchet-wheel by pressing on the lifter L, and the spring P be allowedto rotate the ratchetwvheel in the direction shown by the dotted-linearrow until the stop Ncomes in contact with the detent M and arrests therotation, wit-h the dial-plate in the position hereinbefore described,and in position to commence adding a new column ofnumbers.

It will be seen that an index or pointer, instead of a dial-plate, maybe arranged to rotate with the ratchet-wheel, and a fixed dial-plate beused therewith, and also that a brake may be attached to the detent-pawlK, as shown by dotted lines at the rear end of the pawl K, which brakewill come in contact with the ratchet-wheel when the pawl is turned torelease it, and thus prevent a too rapid motion of the ratchet-wheelfrom the action of the spring P.

What we claim as new is- 1. In an adding-machine, in combination with aratchet-wheel, operating-keys, and pawlcarrying arms, the bent pawlshinged to their carrying-arms, and pawl-trippers hinged or pivoted tosaid carrying-arms and adapted to swing the pawls to release them fromthe ratchet-wheel, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

2. In an adding-machine, in combination with a ratchet-wheel, swingingpawl-carrying arms, and pawls hinged thereto, pawl-trippers, also hingedto said pawl-carrying arms, and adapted to swing the parts into and outof gear with the ratchet-wheel, substantially as and for the purposespecified.

3. In an adding-machine, in combination with a ratchet-wheel, swingingpawl-carrying arms, and slotted pawls hinged to said arms,pawl-trippers, also hinged to said arms, and adapted to swing the pawls,substantially as and for the purpose specified.

4. In an adding-machine, in combination with the ratchet-wheel, swingingpawl-carrying arms, swinging pawls, and pawl-tripping arm s, springsconnected, the one with the pawlcarrying arm and the other with thepawltripper arm, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

5. In an adding-machine, in combination with the ratchet-wheel, swingingpawl-carrying arms, swingingpawls, pawl-tripping arms, and springsadapted to move both the pawlcarrying arms and the pawl-tripper arms,rods connected with the pawl-tripper arms and the operating-keys,whereby the tripper arm is moved to engage the pawl with theratchetwhecl before the pawl-carrying arm is moved, substantially as andfor the purpose specified.

6. In an adding-machine, in combination with the ratchet-'wheelandpawlcarrying arms with hinged pawls, an arc-shaped support for thedistal end of the pawl-carrying arms, substantially as and for thepurpose specified.

7. In an adding-machine, in combination with a ratchet-wheel andpawl-carrying arms, hinged at their outer ends or ends exterior to theratchet-wheel, actuated by keys and connecting-rods, stops adapted tolimit the throw of the pawls, substantially as and for the purposespecified.

S. In an adding-machine, in combination with a ratchet-wheel andswinging arms having pawls hinged to their distal ends, stops adapted toarrest the movement of the pawlcarrying arms by coming in contact withsaid pawls, and thereby control the extent of movement of theratchet-wheel, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

9. In an adding-machine, in combination with a ratchet-wheel, arms I,having pawls hinged to their outer ends, and swinging arms adapted toswing said pawls, rods connecting the swinging arms with operating-keys,substantially as and for the purpose specified.

10. The arm 9 and I, in combination with retracting-s iirings, actuatingrods and keys, ratchet-wheel, and hinged pawls, substantially as and forthe purpose specified.

11. In combination with the ratchet-wheel, arms 1 and 9, and hingedpawl, the stops for regulating the throw of the swinging arms,substantially as and for the purpose specified.

12. In combination with the ratchet-wheel and detent M, having its endbeveled on one side, the stop N, having an inclined side and a verticalside, adapted to permit the ratchetwheel to rotate in one direction andto arrest its motion where desired when rotated in an oppositedirection, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

13. In an adding-machine, in combination with a dial-plate, andratchet-wheel which retates coincidently therewith, and with swingin garms having pawls hinged to their distal ends, rods connecting saidswinging arms with actuating-keys, substantially as and for the purposespecified.

14. In combination with the ratchet-wheel and arms hinged at their outerends and provided with pawls hinged to their ends next to theratchet-wheel, actuated by keys and connecting-rods, stops adapted tolimit the throw of the pawls, substantially as and for thepurposespecified.

In testimony whereof weafiix our signatures in presence of twowitnesses.

MARY E. WINTER. OUSHMAN W. CRARY. Witnesses for Mary E. Winter: HARRY M.RICHARDS, LEWIS R. FIX. Witnesses for (Jushman W. Urary:

ALICE WINTER, Gno. WOODLAND.

